{"id":46,"date":"2017-10-31T14:39:48","date_gmt":"2017-10-31T13:39:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/clases.jesussoto.es\/?p=46"},"modified":"2017-10-31T11:40:21","modified_gmt":"2017-10-31T10:40:21","slug":"efm-factores-integrantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/?p=46","title":{"rendered":"EFM: Factores integrantes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El pasado d\u00eda dec\u00edamos que la ecuaci\u00f3n diferencial $P( x, y)\\, dx + Q(x, y)\\, dy = 0$ era exacta si $\\frac{\\partial P}{\\partial y}=\\frac{\\partial Q}{\\partial x}$. Aprendimos a resolver este tipo de ecuaciones. Sin embargo podemos toparnos con ecuaciones que no lo cumplan, pero que al multiplicarles determinada funci\u00f3n, $\\mu$, verifique $$\\frac{\\partial \\mu P}{\\partial y}=\\frac{\\partial \\mu Q}{\\partial x}.$$<\/p>\n<p>A esta funci\u00f3n $\\mu$, la denominamos factor integrante. A veces, el uso de factores integrantes nos ayudan a simplificar una ecuaci\u00f3n diferencial (ED). En general la transformamos en una ED exacta o en una ED de variables separadas.<\/p>\n<p>Ahora lo que tenemos que hacer es plantear c\u00f3mo encontrar los factores integrantes. En clase hemos visot unos m\u00e9todos. Os dejo otros aqu\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Cuando $P(x,y)$ y $Q(x,y)$ sean homog\u00e9neas del mismo grado y $xP+yQ\\neq 0$ entonces un factor integrante ser\u00e1 $$\\mu=\\frac{1}{xP+yQ}.$$<\/p>\n<p>Si (1) puede escribirse en la forma: $yf(x,y)dx+xg(x,y)dy=0$, con $f(x,y)\\neq g(x,y)$, ser\u00e1 factor integrante $$\\mu=\\frac{1}{xP-yQ}.$$<\/p>\n<p>Si (1) puede escribirse en la forma: $f_1(x)g_2(y)dx+f_2(x)g_1(y)dy=0$, entonces ser\u00e1 factor integrante $$\\mu=\\frac{1}{f_2(x)g_2(y)}.$$<\/p>\n<table id=\"yzpi\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\" bgcolor=\"#999999\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100%\"><strong>Ejercicio:<\/strong> Resolver la ecuaci\u00f3n diferencial $x^2(y+1)dx+y^2(x-1)dy=0$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El pasado d\u00eda dec\u00edamos que la ecuaci\u00f3n diferencial $P( x, y)\\, dx + Q(x, y)\\, dy = 0$ era exacta si $\\frac{\\partial P}{\\partial y}=\\frac{\\partial Q}{\\partial x}$. Aprendimos a resolver este tipo de ecuaciones. Sin embargo podemos toparnos con ecuaciones que no lo cumplan, pero que al multiplicarles determinada funci\u00f3n, $\\mu$, verifique $$\\frac{\\partial \\mu P}{\\partial y}=\\frac{\\partial&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/?p=46\">Seguir leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">EFM: Factores integrantes<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47,"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46\/revisions\/47"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/curso17.jesussoto.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}